The Position of Zakat, Infaq, Sadaqah, and Waqf in Islam and the Virtues of Their Recipients

Abstract

Zakat, infaq, shodaqoh, and waqf are important elements in the Islamic economy for social welfare. Zakat is a financial obligation on certain assets distributed to the needy. Infaq is a voluntary donation that can be given at any time, while shodaqoh includes both material and non-material donations, such as physical assistance. Waqf is the donation of property for permanent use in support of social and religious activities. All four play a role in reducing poverty, strengthening social solidarity, and supporting sustainable development. Zakat reduces economic inequality. Infaq and Shodaqoh are flexible in helping various community needs. Waqf supports the long-term development of public facilities. Proper implementation strengthens a just economic order and reflects Islamic teachings on sharing and social care.