Studi Pemaknaan Hadis Musyarakah Sebagai Landasan Pengembangan Konsep Kerjasama Ekonomi Syariah

Abstract

This study explores the interpretation of hadith on musyarakah as a foundational framework for the 
development of Islamic economic cooperation in the contemporary context. Employing a qualitative 
descriptive approach with a library research method, the study analyzes classical and contemporary 
literature related to musyarakah, including Qur’anic verses, prophetic traditions, fiqh perspectives, and 
modern Islamic financial practices. The findings indicate that musyarakah represents a partnership 
contract based on capital pooling, in which profits and losses are shared proportionally according to 
mutual agreement. The hadith concerning musyarakah, particularly the narration stating that Allah 
becomes the “third partner” as long as trust is maintained, emphasizes essential ethical and spiritual 
values such as trustworthiness (amanah), justice (‘adl), transparency, responsibility, and mutual 
assistance (ta‘āwun). These values remain highly relevant to the implementation of profit-and-loss 
sharing schemes in Islamic financial institutions, including banking, microfinance, and sharia-based 
fintech. However, the application of musyarakah in modern economic systems faces several challenges, 
such as contract standardization, risk management, evaluation of non-monetary contributions, and 
investor protection. Therefore, contextual interpretation of hadith, supported by regulatory frameworks, 
accounting standards, and institutional governance, is crucial to ensuring that musyarakah remains a 
fair, inclusive, and sustainable instrument within the evolving landscape of Islamic economics