Analisis Perbandingan Ekonomi Islam dan Konvensional dalam Perspektif Keadilan Sosial

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the fundamental differences between the Islamic economic system and the conventional economic system from the perspective of social justice, focusing on the principles, instruments, and impacts of their implementation on societal welfare. The research employs a qualitative method based on a literature review of various academic sources, scholarly journals, and relevant articles. The findings reveal that the Islamic economic system is grounded in Sharia principles that integrate moral, spiritual, and social values through instruments such as zakat, infaq, sadaqah, waqf, and the prohibition of riba, gharar, and maysir, all intended to ensure equitable and sustainable wealth distribution. In contrast, the conventional economic system emphasizes efficiency, growth, and free market mechanisms, with the state's role being more reactive in addressing inequality. Although both share common ground in aspects such as efficiency and risk management, the Islamic economic system places social justice as its core objective, while the conventional approach views it as a by-product of economic growth. These findings suggest that the Islamic approach is more comprehensive, as it balances individual rights with social responsibility.